BLOOD AND ITS FUNCTION ( For BSC nursing 1st semester and GNM 1st year, Anatomy and physiology
Blood is a connective tissue cerculates through the blood vessels act as a vehicle and transport various substances like oxygen, nutrients, hormones to the body cell for maintaining normal functions of cell .
FUNCTION OF BLOOD
1-Transport of respiratory gases such as Oxygen and carbon dioxide
At the time of respiration we in hall oxygen gases and that oxygen goes through nose nostril pharynx ,larynx trachea then bronchi , bronchioles and then alveoli ( alveoli is very tiny sac ) from the alveoli oxygen transport to blood capillary (blood capillary present close to capillary)by diffusion process because oxygen is gas and its characteristics is it goes to higher concertation to lower concertation.after oxygen transport to blood capillary, Hemoglobin present in blood bind with oxygen( 1 hemoglobin bind with 4 molecules of oxygen and form oxyhemoglobin.this oxyhemoglobin transport through the blood to the tissue and after reach in tissue then hemoglobin release oxygen in tissue .then all cell present in tissue do cellular respiration . cellular respiration is the process by which cells breakdown food and release energy.(Aerobic cellular respiration occur in our body in which cells use oxygen to break down glucose and release energy) in cellular respiration when glucose break down occur to release energy, ( energy means ATP release which is necessary for our body activity but there is also water and carbon dioxide release, some water used in our body and extra water leaves through our kidney as urine .but carbon dioxide is not useful for body so it’s released from cells to blood stream.and through this blood stream by RBC reached to alveoli and through alveoli,lungs, trachea it’s comes out from our body.
2-TRANSPORT OF NUTRIENTS
When human ingest food it goes through mouth pharynx then oesophagus,and from oesophagus to stomach and then large intestine and then small intestine.In small
Intestine Food breakdown ( Carbohydrates breakdown to smaller form like glucose,Fat will break down to smaller form fatty acid, proteins breakdown to smaller form aminoacid.along with these nutrients vitamins and electrolytes also absorb from the small intestine to blood
blood transport to tissue and different cell of the body
Then cell breakdown these food with oxygen to release. energy
3-Vehicle for different chemicals
Blood is acts like vehicle and transport various chemicals like hormones, enzymes,and vitamins to their site of action.
4-REGULATION OF BODY TEMPERATURE
When the body is too hot blond vessels near the skin dilated means c-Vasodilatation occur more blood come near the skin and heat escape through the skin by sweating.this cools the body.
When the body exposed to too cold , blood vessels near the constricted means vasoconstriction occur.less blod goes to skin .Heat is kept inside the body.
This keeps the body warm
5-REGULATION OF WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE
Blood brings extra water and extra sodium, potassium, chloride,to the kidney.if there is extra water kidney removed it and if there is extra electrolyte means , sodium, potassium, chloride,then also kidney removed it from body .
6-REGULATION OF PH
Hemoglobin cantrol PH by picking up extra ac
id in the blood .and act like a buffer. So the blood does not become too acidic
7- STORAGE FUNCTION OF BLOOD
Blood store extra nutrients like Glucose, Aminoacid, electrolyte , fatty acids, vitamins and minerals and supply to cell whenever needed such as in starvation.
8-PREVENTION OF HEMORRHAGE
Blood prevents hemorrhage by forming a platelet plug, creating a strong fibrin clot, and narrowing the blood vessel to stop bleeding.
Different white blood cell present in the blood play a majore role of defence mechanisms of the body by
destroying invading microorganisms etc